Hypoglycemic activity of standardized extract of Cosinium fenestratum stem bark and its effect on liver and kidney function parameters in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

PN Okechukwu, GA Akowuah, AW Ndyeabura, NC Chiam. UCSI University, Biotechnology 56000, Malaysia

Objective: To standardize crude dichloromethane (DCM) extract of Cosinium fenestratum (CF) (Gaertn.) Colebr. stem bark and to investigate the hypoglycemic effect of the extract on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Method: Standardization was performed through high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using berberine (BE) as standard compound. The standardized Cosinium fenestratum stem bark extract (SCFE) was administered orally at a dose of 100 mg/kg to STZ-induced diabetic rats for 15 days. Results: The extract showed significant reduction in blood glucose levels of diabetic rats (8.2 ± 0.7mmol/L) compared to the diabetic control rats (25.0 ± 1.8 mmol/L). The extract significantly reduced alkaline phosphatise, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in diabetic animals as compared to the diabetic control group. The quantity of BE in the extract was 2.09% w/w. Conclusions: The standardized extract of C. fenestratum stem bark showed hypoglycemic activity in STZ-induced diabetic rats.