From pharmacogenetics to personalized medicine: Main results about Cuba population. Regulatory perspectives.

D. Remirez1, I. Rodeiro2. 1National Center for State Quality Control of drugs and medical devices, Register Department, 3075, Cuba, 2Center for Research and development of Drugs, Pharmacology Department, 1160, Cuba

The science of pharmacogenomics has advanced significantly in the last five years, but it is still in infancy and is mostly used on research basis. The Pharmacogenomics helps identify interindividual variabilities in drug response (both toxicity and effectiveness). Cuba is an island located in the Caribbean Sea. Its population has different influences, from China, Spain and Africa. This work consists of studying the frequencies of a part of Cuban population for the major CYP2C9; CYP2D6 mutated alleles and genotypes. Genotyping was performed on peripheral leukocytes DNA by PCR-RFLP method. Genotype frequencies were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium Moreover a brief introduction about Cuban regulation related with this subject will be shown. The results revealed the majority of subject (72,1 %) expressed CYP2C9*1/*1, and the rest expressed CYP2C9*1/*2 (15,7 %) genotypic and (2.1 %) the mutated allele CYP2C9*2/*2 (poor metabolisers). The rest were heterozygous for CYP2C9*1/*3 (8.6 %), no CYP2C9*3/*3 was found. Genotypes more represented for CYP2D6 were: *1/*1 (59.3 %), CYP2D6*1/*10 (20.7 %) and CYP2D6*1/*17 (10.7 %). Our results demonstrated that all the frequencies analyzed were similar to those of Spanish and Africans, (our origins). We show the particular details take into consideration for guidance in Cuba. The hope for the future is that through personalized medicine, doctors and patients will be able to make better-informed choices about treatment.